Category: Genetics

Case Study Penggunaan Jamu Jangka Panjang Penyebab Sirosis Hati Dan Gastropati

Andy Andy

CASE REPORT Penggunaan Jamu Jangka Panjang Penyebab Sirosis Hati dan Gastropati OAINS 1Pandu Abdul syakur, 2Suzanna Ndraha 1Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Trisakti 2Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam, RSUD Koja Abstrak Introduksi : Obat tradisional adalah media pengobatan yang menggunakan tanaman dengan kandungan bahan-bahan alamiah sebagai bahan bakunya. Obat tradisional ini dibuat dalam bentuk sediaan berupa jamu. Dalam pembuatan jamu ataupun dalam penyimpanannya kemungkinan tercemar oleh jamur Aspergillus flavus yang bisa menghasilkan aflatoksin B1. Aflatoksin B1 inilah salah satu penyebab terjadinya sirosis hati apabila dikonsumsi dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Selain itu jamu juga sering menyebabkan gastropati karena mengandung OAINS. Kasus : Laki-laki, 39 tahun, perut membesar sejak 2 minggu SMRS. Sesak ringan (+), mual (+), nyeri ulu hati (+), melena (+), kaki membengkak (+). PF : TTV dbn, sklera ikterik, palmar eritem, dilatasi vena, asites, pitting oedem. PP : leukosit 6.000/uL, albumin 2,84 g/dL, PT 19,4 detik, USG : sirosis hati, asites dan sugestif hipertensi porta, EGD : gastriris erosive dan varises esophagus. Diskusi : Pada kasus ini hampir semua gejala dan hasil pemeriksaan penunjang pada pasien sesuai dengan kriteria yang dipaparkan pada teori sirosis hati dan gastropati OAINS. Kesimpulan : Dengan membandingkan antara gejala klinis dan hasil pemeriksaan penunjang pada pasien dengan teori, pasien didiagnosis Sirosis Hati dan Gastropati OAINS akibat mengkonsumsi jamu yang mengandung aflatoksin dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Walaupun belum ada sumber penelitian yang lebih mendetail tentang pembahasan kandungan aflatoksin pada jamu. Kata kunci : Jamu, aflatoksin, sirosis hati, gastropati OAINS. . Abstract Introductions : Traditional medicine is a treatment using plants containing natural ingredients as the raw material. Tradiotional medicine is made in the dosage forms of herbal (jamu). In the manufacture or in the storage of herbal medicine(jamu) may contaminated by Aspergillus flavus that produce aflaoxin B1. Aflatoxin B1 is one of...

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Attitudes Toward Piracy And Counterfeiting Among Foreign Consumers In Thai Markets

Andy Andy

Attitudes toward Piracy and Counterfeiting Among Foreign Consumers in Thai Markets Adam Richard Tanielian Abstract: A survey helps answer questions about opinions among consumers regarding intellectual property rights and infringement. 196 foreign participants were recruited in Thai physical markets where counterfeit and pirated goods were sold nearby. Results showed that participants most often felt there was a high-medium infringement problem in both Thailand and ASEAN. Opinions also indicated high-medium levels of appeal to foreign tourists, purchases by foreign tourists, and losses to companies. Economic and public threat levels were evaluated as medium to low, and quality of infringing goods was considered low. Price was the dominant motivator of purchase of infringing goods. Differences between demographic groups were found using ANOVA. Pearson correlations and other statistics were calculated. A review of literature, legal framework, and statistics accompanies presentation of data. Better enforcement and broader public awareness campaigns are recommended. Introduction Commercial intellectual property (IP) infringement poses problems for proprietors, investors, businesses and states. Piracy (unauthorized reproduction, distribution and sales of copyrighted material) and counterfeiting (unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution and sales of trademarks) are considered criminal offenses in every World Trade Organization (WTO) member nation. However, theory and practice on this issue are divergent. Lax law enforcement regimes and a so-called “development agenda” (Helfer, 2009) contribute to widespread ignorance of commercial infringement. The importance of IP rights (IPR) is well-known among nations. World Economic Forum (WEF, 2010-2011) concluded that IPR protection is a fundamental concern in investment decisions leading to R&D spending and innovation. Nations with strong IPRs see comparative and competitive advantages in high-tech and cutting edge products and processes, in academic and research institutions, in technical literature, and in creative arts. WEF listed IP protection in the 1st pillar (institutions) and 12th pillar (innovation) in its annual Global Competitiveness Report....

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Acute Biologic Crisis And Emergency And Disaster Nursing

Andy Andy

CASE STUDY in ACUTE BIOLOGIC CRISIS and EMERGENCY and DISASTER NURSING . . CASE #1 . Brief Patient History Mr. X is a 67-year old obese male. He has a 2-year history of emphysema (100-pack year history of tobacco abuse in the past with two recent hospitalizations for pneumonia that required ventilatory support. Mr. X states that he does not want to be placed on a ventilator again but does not want to suffer either. He was involved in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and sustained blunt trauma to his trunk and lower extremities, with bilateral femur fractures. Although his condition is critical, he is expected to recover. Mr. X received morphine sulfate 5mg by intravenous push in the emergency department, with minimal pain relief; however, he has experienced new-onset confusion. Mr. X’s spouse and children express concern about the risk of respiratory depression due to pain medication. They state that they would rather see Mr. X experience pain than have him placed on the ventilator again. . Clinical Assessment Mr. X is admitted to the intensive care unit from the emergency department with blood transfusion in progress. Buck’s traction (5 lbs) has been placed to both lower extremities. He is awake, alert and oriented to person, time, place and situation. Mr. X is breathing through his mouth, taking shallow breaths. He complains of right upper quadrant abdominal pain when taking a deep breath. His skin is warm and dry. Mr. X is able to move his toes on command, and lower extremity sensation to touch is intact; however, he is complaining of severe bilateral lower extremity pain with restlessness. . Diagnostic Procedures Arterial blood gases PaO2 55 mmHg PaCO2 28 mmHg pH 7.35 HCO3- 24 mEq/L SaO2 88% Blood count Hematocrit 24% Hemoglobin 8 g/dL Baker-Wong Faces Pain Scale:...

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A Prostate Biopsy Strategy Based On A New Clinical Nomogram Reduces

Andy Andy

. . BMC Urology . . . This Provisional PDF corresponds to the article as it appeared upon acceptance. Fully formatted PDF and full text (HTML) versions will be made available soon. . . A prostate biopsy strategy based on a new clinical nomogram reduces the number of biopsy cores required in high-risk patients . BMC Urology 2014, 14:8 doi:10.1186/1471-2490-14-8 . Yuan Huang (626178684@qq.com) Gong Cheng (success6796@163.com) Bianjiang Liu (bjliu@njmu.edu.cn) Pengfei Shao (1274806053@qq.com) Chao Qin (13776678978@163.com) Jie Li (qilkiq@163.com) Lixin Hua (drlxhua@gmail.com) Changjun Yin (841708010@qq.com) . . . . . . ISSN 1471-2490 . Article type Research article . Submission date 26 August 2013 . Acceptance date 9 January 2014 . Publication date 11 January 2014 . Article URL http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2490/14/8 . . Like all articles in BMC journals, this peer-reviewed article can be downloaded, printed and distributed freely for any purposes (see copyright notice below). . Articles in BMC journals are listed in PubMed and archived at PubMed Central. . For information about publishing your research in BMC journals or any BioMed Central journal, go to . http://www.biomedcentral.com/info/authors/ . . . . . . . . . © 2014 Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. A prostate biopsy strategy based on a new clinical nomogram reduces the number of biopsy cores required in high-risk patients . Yuan Huang1,† Email: 626178684@qq.com . Gong Cheng1,† Email: success6796@163.com . Bianjiang Liu1,† Email: bjliu@njmu.edu.cn . Pengfei Shao1 Email: 1274806053@qq.com . Chao Qin1 Email: 13776678978@163.com . Jie Li1 Email: qilkiq@163.com . Lixin Hua1* * Corresponding author Email: drlxhua@gmail.com . Changjun Yin1 Email: 841708010@qq.com . 1 State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology,...

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